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| Rabula Gospels Folio 04v Canon Table Courtesy of en.wikipedia |
By Courtesy of DUKHRANA.COM , here are verses 11 and 12 of Galatians, chapter 1, via the Aramaic Text.
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The literal translation of the verse is below. The Apostle Paul speaking:
Verse 11: But I , making known to you all, my brothers, that the GOSPEL which was preached from me was not from man.
Now, here are the interesting KEYS of grammar which will open up this verse to the reader.
- The word for GOSPEL or GOOD NEWS in that verse is d'aS BarTa, with d' ( of) attached to the beginning of the word , ܕ݁ܰܣܒ݂ܰܪܬ݂ܳܐ .
- The GOSPEL word in the Aramaic language has always the declension ending of feminine, singular, and emphatic or determined = "the" Gospel or "the" Good News."
- The main VERB, ܕ݁ܶܐܣܬ݁ܰܒ݁ܪܰܬ݂ , is "preach" or "declare" in meaning, but the form is Perfect ETHPAel = a completed action , in the passive voice, intensive form.
- The conjunction "d" is prefixed to the beginning of this VERB, meaning which or that.
- The "preach" verb form has the subject as 3rd person ( he, she, or it), feminine, singular,
It tells us that "preach" is a ( perfect) completed action = preached.
It tells us that it is passive voice ( EthPAel ) = was preached. Because PAel's are intensive, declared might be a better choice.
The verb being in the "3rd person, feminine, singular" subject form also tells us something VERY IMPORTANT:
the subject could NOT be "I" ;
in this case, the subject must be "it" .
How do we KNOW FOR SURE the subject is "it" and not "he" or "she" ?
To find the "it" subject, we notice "it" is feminine and singular. The only other word "it" could have as its antecedent ( its referent) is GOSPEL or GOOD NEWS... which is ALSO feminine and singular !
Speakers of English would not call the GOSPEL a "she" but rather "it."
So we would choose "it" when referring to the GOSPEL or GOOD NEWS of YESHU+ Ha M'SHIKHA+.
So we would choose "it" when referring to the GOSPEL or GOOD NEWS of YESHU+ Ha M'SHIKHA+.
The exact translation should read:
But I , making known to you all, my brothers, that the GOSPEL which was preached from me was not from man.
Here, now is the EXACT Netzarim Publishing House version of the above verse, Galatians 1: 11 ....
"But I want you to realize, my brothers, that the GOOD NEWS I preached to you was not from the sons of men. "
Do note that:
- the verb tense is changed from passive to active voice,
- the subject of the verb is changed from "it" to "I" ( that is, from The GOSPEL, an "it", to "I")
- the phrase "to you" is NOT in the Aramaic text after the verb
- the phrase that IS in the Aramaic Text, "from me" or some say, "by me", has been totally omitted.
- "sons of men" is in the plural here, CONTRARY to the ARAMAIC TEXT, which if literal, should read: son of man.
Just a note: The word, ܒ݁ܰܪܢܳܫܳܐ , is an idiom. Literally, that word is two words combined which mean " son of man." It is singular in form. The idiom means, " man, mankind, or person." The Netzarim changing of it into a plural " sons of men" is totally unsubstantiated.
Why do it, friends ?
Why do it, friends ?
Even more to ponder: In just eleven verses earlier, Galatians 1:1 does INDEED have both the plural form ܒ݁ܢܰܝܢܳܫܳܐ AND the singular form, ܒ݁ܰܪܢܳܫܳܐ , in the very same sentence!
Galatians 1:1 -
Paulos, an apostle,
not from men, nor by man....
Galatians 1:1 -
Paulos, an apostle,
not from men, nor by man....
We are all familiar with that verse. Should not the Netzarim translators ALSO BE FAMILIAR with that verse... and its difference between singular and plural uses of that idiom ?
Moving on , now to verse 12.
ܐܳܦ݂ܠܳܐ ܓ݁ܶܝܪ ܐܶܢܳܐ ܡܶܢ ܒ݁ܰܪܢܳܫܳܐ ܩܰܒ݁ܶܠܬ݁ܳܗ ܘܺܝܠܶܦ݂ܬ݁ܳܗ
ܐܶܠܳܐ ܒ݁ܓ݂ܶܠܝܳܢܳܐ ܕ݁ܝܶܫܽܘܥ ܡܫܺܝܚܳܐ܀
ܐܳܦ݂ܠܳܐ ܓ݁ܶܝܪ ܐܶܢܳܐ ܡܶܢ ܒ݁ܰܪܢܳܫܳܐ ܩܰܒ݁ܶܠܬ݁ܳܗ ܘܺܝܠܶܦ݂ܬ݁ܳܗ
ܐܶܠܳܐ ܒ݁ܓ݂ܶܠܝܳܢܳܐ ܕ݁ܝܶܫܽܘܥ ܡܫܺܝܚܳܐ܀
The literal translation is:
For I, not even from man, had I received it and had I learned it, but rather by the revelation of YESHU+ Ha M'SHIKHA.
Or, simplified: For neither had I received it, nor had I learned it from man, but rather, by the revelation of YESHU+ The M'SHIKHA.
The reason verse 11 of Galatians 1 is being included in this discussion is BECAUSE the two verbs in verse 12 again, refer to a word in verse 11. In other words, there is an important antecedent in verse 11 that makes verse 12 coherent.
Looking at the verbs in verse 12, then, we see:
- a Perfect PAel = a completed action, with intensification implied in the PAel form
- 1st person Common Singular subject form = "I"
- with the object suffix at the end of the word which = 3rd feminine singular ( she, or it)
learned, ܘܺܝܠܶܦ݂ܬ݁ܳܗ
- a Perfect PEal = a completed action of the basic stem
- PEal indicates active voice ( hence, the verb could not be in the passive voice, such as "have been taught it" )
- 1st person Common Singular subject form = "I"
- the object suffix at the end of the word which = 3rd, feminine singular ( she, or it )
The "it" object suffixes on the end of BOTH of these verbs in verse 12 are 3rd feminine singular.
BOTH of these verbs ( "received" and "learned") then have an OBJECT which is 3rd feminine singular in form.
Now then,
there is NO OBJECT
3rd feminine singular
in verse 12 !
However, there IS SUCH AN OBJECT in verse 11, the previous verse.
That object is GOSPEL or GOOD NEWS,
which is 3rd. person, feminine, singular in form.
Thus, the " it " object suffix on the end of the verbs in verse 12 refer to the GOSPEL or GOOD NEWS, grammatically.
For neither had I received it,
nor had I learned it
the GOSPEL
from man, but rather,
by the revelation of
YESHU+ The M'SHIKHA.
Here is the Netzarim version of Galatians 1:12 ...
"Nor did I receive from the sons of men teaching in the revelation of Y'shua the Mashiyach. "
In order for teaching to be accurately translated, it would have to be a verb PARTICIPLE... but it is not.
That verb in the Aramaic Text, is, as we have just seen, a Perfect Peal verb form, complete with subject pronoun and object pronoun included in the form.
In this Netzarim version
of this grammatically-warped verse,
The GOSPEL or GOOD NEWS
is
NOT INCLUDED
in the sense of the translation.
Now, here is something serious to consider:
Verses with reference
to YESHU+ the M'SHIKHA+
or to His+ GOSPEL or GOOD NEWS
do NOT follow
the standard rules for grammar
in this translation.
Why not ?
Now, here is something MORE serious to consider:
Come out of her,
my people,
and touch not the unclean thing.
The Word of The LORD!
Thanks be to GOD ( ALAHA).
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